Rome

ROME, ITALY – SEE THE ICONIC COLLOSEUM, THE VATICAN AND MANY MORE ANCIENT DESTINATIONS

Exploring Rome: The Eternal City and Its Iconic Tourist Destinations

Few cities in the world offer the majestic blend of ancient history, world-renowned art, divine food, and vibrant street life like Rome. Known as La Città Eterna or The Eternal City, Rome is a place where every cobblestone tells a story, and each turn unveils a new wonder. Whether you’re standing beneath the shadow of the Colosseum or sipping espresso at a bustling piazza, Rome captivates your senses and lingers in your memory long after you’ve left.

In this comprehensive travel guide, we’ll explore the best tourist attractions in Rome, must-know travel tips, and suggestions to help you experience the city in all its glory.

Introduction to Rome

Rome is the capital of Italy and one of the oldest continually inhabited cities in Europe. With a history that spans over 2,500 years, Rome has been the seat of the Roman Empire, the spiritual heart of the Catholic Church, and a global center for art, culture, and politics.

From imperial ruins and baroque churches to Renaissance art and modern Italian life, Rome is not a city to be rushed. Instead, it’s a city to be explored layer by layer — slowly, passionately, and with a curious heart.

1. The Colosseum and Roman Forum

The Colosseum

Arguably the most iconic symbol of Rome, the Colosseum is a must-see. Completed in 80 AD, this ancient amphitheater once held up to 80,000 spectators who came to witness gladiatorial battles, executions, and mock sea battles.

Today, it stands as a monument to Roman engineering and cruelty, offering a deep dive into the complex and often brutal history of the Roman Empire. You can explore the underground chambers, walk through the stands, and even take a guided tour to learn more about its intricate construction.

Travel Tip: Book skip-the-line tickets or guided tours to avoid long queues, especially in peak season.

Roman Forum and Palatine Hill

Right next to the Colosseum lies the Roman Forum, once the bustling center of Roman political, religious, and social life. Among the ruins, you’ll find the remains of temples, government buildings, and basilicas — including the Temple of Saturn, Arch of Titus, and House of the Vestal Virgins.

Climb up to Palatine Hill, one of the seven hills of Rome and the reputed location of the city’s founding. According to legend, this is where Romulus and Remus were raised by the she-wolf.

2. The Pantheon

One of the best-preserved monuments of Ancient Rome, the Pantheon is a marvel of architecture and a spiritual sanctuary. Built around 120 AD under Emperor Hadrian, its immense dome — still the world’s largest unreinforced concrete dome — continues to baffle architects and engineers.

Inside, the oculus (circular opening) at the top of the dome allows natural light (and rain!) to fall through, illuminating the exquisite marble floor. The Pantheon has served many purposes over the centuries, from a temple to Roman gods to a Christian church.

Don’t Miss: The tombs of Raphael and other Italian kings located inside.

3. Vatican City: St. Peter’s Basilica & The Vatican Museums

St. Peter’s Basilica

Located within Vatican City, the world’s smallest country, St. Peter’s Basilica is the spiritual heart of Catholicism and one of the holiest sites in Christianity. The grandeur of the basilica is overwhelming — from Michelangelo’s Pietà to Bernini’s towering baldachin over the papal altar.

Visitors can also climb to the dome (designed by Michelangelo) for panoramic views of Rome.

The Vatican Museums and Sistine Chapel

Housing one of the world’s most impressive art collections, the Vatican Museums are a must for any lover of history or art. Among the highlights:

  • The Gallery of Maps

  • The Raphael Rooms

  • The legendary Sistine Chapel, where Michelangelo’s ceiling and The Last Judgment are nothing short of breathtaking.

Pro Tip: Visit early in the morning or book an after-hours guided tour to avoid crowds.

4. Trevi Fountain

No trip to Rome is complete without tossing a coin into the Trevi Fountain, one of the most famous fountains in the world. Completed in 1762 and set against the Palazzo Poli, the Baroque fountain depicts Neptune, god of the sea, flanked by tritons and sea horses.

Tradition says that tossing one coin ensures a return to Rome, two coins promise a new romance, and three coins signify marriage.

Fun Fact: Approximately €3,000 worth of coins are collected from the fountain daily and donated to charity.

5. Spanish Steps and Piazza di Spagna

The Spanish Steps connect the Piazza di Spagna below with the Trinità dei Monti church above. With 135 steps, this monumental staircase has long been a favorite meeting place for artists, lovers, and travelers.

The nearby Via dei Condotti is one of Rome’s most luxurious shopping streets, lined with boutiques from Gucci, Bulgari, and Valentino.

Best Photo Op: Come early in the morning or late in the evening for pictures without the crowds.

6. Piazza Navona

Built on the site of an ancient Roman stadium, Piazza Navona is now a showcase of Baroque Roman art and architecture. At its center is Bernini’s Fountain of the Four Rivers, surrounded by street performers, open-air cafés, and stunning palazzos.

Nearby attractions include:

  • Church of Sant’Agnese in Agone

  • Campo de’ Fiori (a vibrant market square during the day, bustling nightlife in the evening)

7. Castel Sant’Angelo

Originally built as a mausoleum for Emperor Hadrian in the 2nd century, Castel Sant’Angelo has served various roles: a fortress, a papal residence, and a prison.

Today, it’s a museum where you can walk the ancient ramparts, see weapons, artwork, and papal apartments, and enjoy stunning views of the Tiber River and St. Peter’s Basilica.

8. Trastevere: The Soul of Rome

Away from the major monuments, Trastevere is Rome’s bohemian heart. This cobblestoned neighborhood offers a more intimate look at Roman life, with its winding alleys, ivy-clad buildings, and buzzing trattorias.

Attractions include:

  • Santa Maria in Trastevere – one of the oldest churches in Rome

  • Janiculum Hill (Gianicolo) – perfect for panoramic views

  • Nightlife & food – authentic Roman cuisine, craft cocktails, and live music abound

9. Capitoline Hill and Museums

Designed by Michelangelo, Piazza del Campidoglio sits atop Capitoline Hill, one of Rome’s original seven hills. The square is flanked by the Capitoline Museums, which house classical sculptures, Renaissance paintings, and Roman artifacts.

Don’t miss the iconic bronze statue of Marcus Aurelius and the view over the Roman Forum from behind the museums.

10. Appian Way and Catacombs

Step off the beaten path with a bike ride or walk along the Via Appia Antica — one of the oldest roads in the Roman Empire, still lined with ancient ruins and aqueducts.

Along the way, explore Rome’s eerie catacombs, such as:

  • Catacombs of San Sebastiano

  • Catacombs of San Callisto
    These underground burial sites reveal early Christian history and frescoes that date back to the 2nd century AD.

Best Time to Visit Rome

  • Spring (April – June): Ideal weather and blooming flowers; perfect for sightseeing.

  • Fall (September – October): Mild temperatures and fewer crowds.

  • Summer (July – August): Hot and crowded, but lively with festivals.

  • Winter (December – February): Fewer tourists, great for budget travel and holiday markets.

Essential Travel Tips

  • Language: Italian is the official language, but English is widely spoken in tourist areas.

  • Currency: Euro (€)

  • Dress Code: Modest attire is required when visiting churches and Vatican sites.

  • Transport: Use public transport (metro, buses, trams) or walk — much of central Rome is pedestrian-friendly.

  • Safety: Pickpocketing can be a concern in crowded areas; stay aware of your belongings.

Where to Eat in Rome

Classic Roman Dishes to Try:

  • Cacio e Pepe: Pasta with Pecorino Romano and black pepper

  • Carbonara: Made with egg, cheese, pancetta — no cream!

  • Supplì: Fried rice balls with mozzarella

  • Saltimbocca: Veal with prosciutto and sage

  • Gelato: Look for natural colors and flavors

Recommended Restaurants:

  • Da Enzo al 29 (Trastevere): Traditional Roman fare in a rustic setting.

  • Roscioli (Centro Storico): Deli meets gourmet dining.

  • Pizzarium (Vatican area): Gourmet pizza al taglio.

  • Felice a Testaccio: A Roman institution known for perfect Cacio e Pepe.

Suggested 3-Day Itinerary

Day 1: Ancient Rome

  • Colosseum

  • Roman Forum

  • Palatine Hill

  • Capitoline Museums

Day 2: Vatican and Baroque Rome

  • Vatican Museums

  • Sistine Chapel

  • St. Peter’s Basilica

  • Castel Sant’Angelo

  • Piazza Navona

  • Trevi Fountain

Day 3: Hidden Gems

  • Pantheon

  • Spanish Steps

  • Trastevere

  • Appian Way & Catacombs (optional afternoon trip)

Rome is more than just a city — it’s an experience. From its ancient ruins and glorious piazzas to quiet cobbled alleys and candlelit dinners, Rome has a way of pulling you into its rhythm and never letting go.

Whether you’re a first-time visitor or returning for the tenth time, Rome always offers something new — a freshly uncovered ruin, a lesser-known neighborhood, or a new twist on traditional cuisine.

So take your time, throw a coin in the Trevi Fountain, and fall in love with the Eternal City all over again.